Electrical Quantities Explained

Electric Charge

- Matter carries two types of charge: positive and negative.  

- Like charges repel each other (positive–positive or negative–negative), while opposite charges attract (positive–negative).  

- When solids are charged by friction, only electrons (negative charges) are transferred.  

- Charge is measured in coulombs (C).  

- An electric field is the region around a charge where another charge experiences a force.  

- The direction of the electric field at a point is defined as the direction of the force acting on a positive test charge placed there.  

Electric Current

- Electric current is the flow of electric charge.  

- It is defined as the amount of charge passing a point per unit time.  

- By convention, current flows from positive to negative, even though in reality, electrons move from negative to positive.