Transition metal ions often display striking colours in solution, depending on their oxidation state. Here’s a quick reference:
| Ion / Oxidation State | Color |
|---|---|
| V2+ | Violet |
| V3+ | Green |
| VO2+ | Blue |
| VO2+ | Yellow |
| Cr2O72− | Orange |
| Cr3+ | Green / Violet |
| Mn2+ | Pale Pink |
| MnO4− | Purple |
| MnO42− | Green |
| Fe2+ | Pale Green |
| Fe3+ | Yellow |
| Co2+ | Pink |
| Ni2+ | Green |
| Cu2+ | Blue |
| Ti2+ | Violet |
| Ti3+ | Purple |
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