Group 7 elements, known as Halogens, display distinct colours that change with their physical state and atomic number. These variations make them easy to identify in laboratory observations.
- Fluorine (F): Pale yellow gas, the most reactive halogen.
- Chlorine (Cl): Pale yellow‑green gas with a sharp odour.
- Bromine (Br): Orange or reddish‑brown liquid that emits a dense vapour.
- Iodine (I): Grey‑black solid that sublimates into a purple or pink vapour when heated.
As we move down the group, halogens become darker in colour and less reactive, reflecting their increasing atomic mass and changing physical states from gases to liquids to solids.
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