- Bases are substances that, when dissolved in water, release hydroxide ions into the solution.
- Metals are generally basic in nature.
- A soluble base (alkali) turns red litmus paper blue.
- Bases react with acids to form salt and water. This is called neutralisation.
Characteristics of Bases
- Taste: Bitter.
- Nature: Soapy and slippery to touch.
- Solubility: Only a few bases are soluble in water. Common examples include sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
Indicators for Bases
- Red Litmus: Turns blue in the presence of a base.
- Methyl Orange: Turns yellow.
- Phenolphthalein: Turns pink.
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