Electron Gain and Loss by Group Number

Electron Loss (Metals)  

- Group 1: Loses 1 electron  

- Group 2: Loses 2 electrons  

- Group 3: Loses 3 electrons  

Electron Gain (Non‑metals)  

- Group 5: Gains 3 electrons  

- Group 6: Gains 2 electrons  

- Group 7: Gains 1 electron  

Special Case – Group 4  

- Does not lose or gain electrons.  

- Instead, it shares electrons to achieve stability.  

- This leads to the formation of covalent bonds.