Basics of Motion in Physics

Distance  

- A scalar quantity (only magnitude, no direction).  

- Total distance covered by an object.  

- SI unit: meter (m).  

- Other units: km, cm, mm.  

- Symbol: d.  

Displacement  

- A vector quantity (magnitude + direction).  

- Shortest distance between the start and end point.  

- SI unit: meter (m).  

- Other units: km, cm, mm.  

- Symbol: s.  

Speed  

- A scalar quantity.  

- Formula: distance ÷ time.  

- SI unit: m/s.  

- Other units: km/h.  

- Meaning: total distance covered per unit time.  

Velocity  

- A vector quantity.  

- Formula: displacement ÷ time.  

- SI unit: m/s.  

- Other units: km/h.  

- Change in velocity = (Final velocity – Initial velocity).