1. Titration
- A technique in volumetric analysis used to determine the volume of a solution required to react with an exact volume of another solution.
- Commonly employed to find unknown concentrations.
2. Standard Solution
- A solution whose concentration is precisely known.
- Acts as a reference in titration experiments.
3. Molar Solution
- A solution that contains one mole of solute in 1 dm³ of solution.
- Unit: mol/dm³.
4. Concentration
- Refers to the amount of solute present in a given volume of solution.
- Major types:
- Molarity (mol/dm³): Number of moles of solute per dm³ of solution.
- Mass Concentration (g/dm³): Mass of solute per dm³ of solution.
- Other measures include molality (moles per kg of solvent) and normality (equivalents per dm³ of solution).
5. Endpoint
- The point at which a chemical reaction is considered complete during titration.
- Usually detected by a colour change, aided by an indicator.
- Marks the balance between reactants and products.
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