Nuclear Physics:
Q. What is the mass defect?
The difference between the total mass of all the nucleons
separately compared to the mass of the nucleus.
Q. Why is there a mass defect?
Energy is released as the nucleons bind together into a
nucleus. The mass-energy equivalence means this produces a mass defect.
Q. What is binding energy?
The energy required to separate a nucleus into its
constituent parts.
Q. What is nuclear fission?
Nuclear fission is the process by which an unstable nucleus
splits into smaller nuclei. It often occurs in atoms with large nuclei. The
binding energy per nucleon increases when fission occurs, so energy is also
released.
Q. What is nuclear fusion?
Nuclear fusion is the process by which 2 small nuclei fuse
to form a larger one. The new nucleus has a larger binding energy per nucleon
than the old one, so energy is also released.
Q. What is radioactive decay?
Radioactive decay is a spontaneous process in which unstable
atomic nuclei break down, releasing energy in the form of radiation.
Q. What is meant by activity?
Activity is the number of decay events per unit time.
Q. Define half-life?
A radioactive half-life is the time taken for the number of decaying
atomic species to decrease by half. This is the same time that it takes for the
activity of the species to decrease by half. Different atomic species have
different half-lives.
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