Organic Chemistry - Introduction 1

• Study of Carbon compounds.
• Elements present are C, H, O, S, F, Cl, Br, I, and metals.
• Exclude: CO, CO2, CO3 -2, HCO3 - and carbides

Carbon has 2 properties:

1. Multiple bond formation.
2. Catenation: The ability to form stable chain and ring structures of different sizes.

Carbons in alkanes are sp3 hybridised. They have the shape of a tetrahedron with a 109.5-degree angle.

Carbons in the carboxylic acid group are sp2 hybridised, showing a trigonal planar shape, with a 120-degree angle.